Hydraulic cylinders

• theoretical cylinder parameter calculator

A hydraulic cylinder is a component of a power hydraulics system that converts high-pressure working fluid energy into mechanical motion. The operation of the cylinder is based on the principle of hydraulic fluid flowing into the cylinder chamber under pressure, causing the piston to move and generating linear or rotary motion. The purpose of using a hydraulic cylinder is to transfer energy from the piston or another working element to the appropriate part of the mechanism in which it is used. We offer a wide range of hydraulic cylinders, which are used in many branches of industry. 

Didn't find the cylinder ? Click to download the cylinder selection form. Please send the completed form to the email address. 

Double-acting hydraulic cylinder

What is a double-acting cylinder? A double-acting cylinder is a type of hydraulic cylinder that allows motion in two directions – both during the piston extension and its return. It works thanks to two hydraulic chambers supplied with pressurized working fluid. When the fluid flows into one chamber, the piston moves in one direction, and when pressure is directed to the second chamber, the piston returns in the opposite direction. How does a double-acting cylinder work ? Piston extension: Pressurized working fluid flows into the working chamber behind the piston, causing it to move in the extension direction. Piston return: Fluid flows into the opposite chamber, forcing the piston to retract to its starting position. In both cases, the cylinder operates effectively and precisely, ensuring uniform work. Application of double-acting cylinders : Due to their versatility, double-acting cylinders are widely used in various industries: Construction machinery – e.g., in excavator or loader arms. Industrial machinery – in lifting, moving, or rotating systems. Agricultural machinery – e.g., in agricultural balers and tractor hydraulic systems. Automation and robotics – in precision control systems.

Single-acting plunger-type hydraulic cylinder

What is a single-acting hydraulic cylinder (plunger)? A single-acting plunger-type hydraulic cylinder is a specific type of hydraulic cylinder in which the piston moves in only one direction due to working fluid pressure. The return of the piston to its starting position occurs under an external force, such as its own weight, a spring, or an external system force. In plunger cylinders, the lack of a seal between the piston and the housing is characteristic, allowing for a simpler design. How does a plunger cylinder work ? Piston extension: Under hydraulic pressure, working fluid flows into the working chamber, causing the piston (plunger) to extend. Piston return: An external force, e.g., gravity or a spring, returns the piston to the starting position once pressure is released. Plunger cylinders are characterized by a simple design and lack of piston rod elements, making them lightweight and economical to produce. Application of single-acting plunger cylinders : Plunger cylinders are used in many fields where simple, one-way work is required: Hydraulic lifts – for lifting heavy loads. Support systems in industry – in presses or support cylinders. Locking or supporting mechanisms – in stabilizing devices.

Application of hydraulic cylinders 

Hydraulic cylinders are used in many industries, such as industry, construction, agriculture, or transport. They are used, among others, in: construction machinery, such as excavators or loaders, industrial devices for handling heavy loads, agricultural machinery, such as tractors or combines, control systems in vehicles and equipment. Our offer includes, among others: cylinders for front loaders, trailer tipping cylinders, plow cylinders, excavator cylinders, lifts, and many others

Classification of cylinders 

• single-acting hydraulic cylinders ( plunger ) 
• double-acting hydraulic cylinders ( double-sided piston rod )  
• telescopic hydraulic cylinders ( for trailer tipping ) 

Cylinder components 

• piston (possibly membrane or plunger)
• cylinder piston rod,
• external seals,
• internal seals,
• covers,
• throttle valves (optional ).
• cylinder lock ( optional )

Explanation of hydraulic cylinder components

A hydraulic cylinder consists of many components that together enable its proper operation. Each of these components plays a vital role in the function of the hydraulic cylinder, ensuring its efficiency, durability, and reliability. Below you will find an explanation of the most important parts and their functions:

• Cylinder piston (possibly membrane or plunger) Piston: The main working element of the cylinder, which moves inside the cylinder under the pressure of hydraulic fluid. Its movement causes 

• Cylinder piston rod
  This is a shaft connected to the piston that transmits force from inside the cylinder to external mechanisms. Made of durable materials such as chrome-plated steel, the piston rod is resistant to bending and abrasion.

• External cylinder seals
  They are responsible for ensuring the external tightness of the cylinder, preventing hydraulic fluid leaks and protecting the inside of the cylinder from contamination.

• Internal cylinder seals
  They ensure tightness between the piston and the cylinder walls, which is crucial for maintaining hydraulic pressure and effective cylinder operation.

• Covers
  Components closing the cylinder on both sides. They serve a structural function, holding all elements in place, and also allow for the installation of seals and the piston rod.

• Cylinder throttle valves (optional)
  They regulate the flow of hydraulic fluid in the cylinder, allowing control over the piston movement speed. They are used in systems requiring precise adjustment.

• Cylinder lock (optional)
  A locking element that stops the piston in a specific position, even when pressure drops in the hydraulic system. Used in applications where position stability is required, e.g., in construction machinery.

Parameters of hydraulic cylinders

When choosing the right hydraulic cylinder, consider the following parameters:

• Piston and cylinder diameter: Determines the force generated by the cylinder.
• Piston stroke: Defines the maximum distance the piston can extend.
• Working pressure: Expressed in bars, indicates the maximum load on the cylinder.
• Type of seals: Ensuring durability and tightness in difficult working conditions.

Assistance in cylinder selection 

If you are looking for a cylinder not available on the store's website, we encourage you to contact the sales department. Please remember that to order it, you must know its basic parameters! You can send your own sketch or use our ready-to-fill template. Click to download the cylinder selection form. Please send the completed form to the email address. How to choose the right hydraulic cylinder ? Needs analysis. Before purchasing a cylinder, determine its purpose and working conditions, such as: Mechanical load. Temperature range. Frequency of duty cycles.

Hydraulic cylinder catalog-rich offer of cylinders 

In the hydraulic cylinder catalog at Hydron, you will find a wide selection of cylinders adapted to various industrial, agricultural, construction, and specialized applications. The hydraulic cylinders offered are high-quality, durable, and reliable products, confirmed by relevant quality certificates and technical approvals. This ensures that every unit operates reliably even in harsh conditions. Our catalog presents cylinders with various design parameters – from compact single-acting cylinders to double-acting cylinders with professional seals and precise fit for applications. Each product has been described in a clear and substantive manner, facilitating the selection of the correct component for a specific application. The offered hydraulic cylinders stand out for their high resistance to dynamic loads, movement stability, and simplicity of assembly and service. Our offer is constantly updated, and thanks to large stock levels, we ensure fast order fulfillment for both individual customers and business partners.

Hydraulic hoses for cylinders 

Our company produces high-pressure hoses to connect cylinders with valves. We offer hoses with one, two, or 4 steel braids with varying working pressures. We also offer a wide range of connectors, fittings, nipples used in power hydraulics - we are able to connect any type of thread. 

Spare parts for hydraulic cylinders

Spare parts for hydraulic cylinders allow for maintaining the efficiency of power hydraulics systems without the need to replace the entire cylinder. During the operation of agricultural, construction, or industrial machinery, seals, guides, guide rings, and piston rod elements undergo natural wear. Properly selected service parts allow for quick repair and restoration of the cylinder's full functionality. The most frequently replaced elements are seal kits, which are responsible for maintaining system tightness and proper working pressure. Worn seals can cause hydraulic oil leaks and a decrease in cylinder performance. In such cases, regeneration and the use of appropriate components allow for restoring the correct operation of the entire system. When repairing cylinders, it is also worth paying attention to elements working with the system, such as hydraulic pumps, hydraulic valves and hydraulic hoses, which are responsible for proper supply to the installation. Hydron offers a wide selection of power hydraulics components and technical support in selecting spare parts for various types of cylinders used in many industries.

Cylinder production

We offer a wide range of hydraulic cylinders designed for, among others, agricultural machinery, construction machinery, industry, etc. We are able to manufacture virtually any type of cylinder. To receive an offer, please contact the sales department.

Components for hydraulic cylinder production

Components for hydraulic cylinder production allow you to build a complete cylinder from scratch or quickly repair it. Our offer has everything – from ready-made solutions to parts from which you assemble your own system exactly for the machine. There is a choice of single-acting cylinders and double-acting cylinders, which form the basis of most installations. For agricultural applications, there are trailer tipping cylinders, and in more demanding systems, additional safety features and special solutions are used. If you are building or regenerating a cylinder, details are key. Hydraulic cylinder seals and seal kits are responsible for tightness and pressure maintenance. Cylinder glands hydraulic guide the piston rod and protect the system against leaks. In addition, there are mechanical elements such as the hydraulic cylinder eye, which allows for mounting the cylinder in the machine and transferring force to the structure. In practice, from components such as rods, tubes, seals, and mounting ends, you are able to build a complete cylinder tailored to a specific application. This solution is often chosen for non-standard projects or machine modernization. The whole must work with the installation, therefore a ready cylinder connects to the system via hydraulic hoses, hydraulic fittings and often hydraulic quick couplers, which facilitate assembly and service. This gives you a full system from parts, through assembly, to ready work in the machine

Check also : 

• operating principles of hydraulic cylinders
• advantages and application of hydraulic cylinders
• how to calculate hydraulic cylinder force

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expand text Parts for hydraulic cylinders